Rapuh 5/2020: Rujukan Winstedt

Salah sebuah buku tulisan R.O. Winstedt yang memberi impak kepada penulisan sejarah Malaysia kemudiannya ialah Malaya and its History, London: Hutchinson University Library. Buku ini kali pertama terbit pada tahun 1948. Saya memiliki naskhah edisi kelima 1958.

Apa yang menarik perhatian saya ialah tentang keterangan “bibliografi”, muka surat 155-160 yang disediakan beliau. Berlainan daripada kelaziman, Winstedt tidak hanya menyenaraikan buku-buku atau sumber rujukan bahkan menapak ke depan dengan memberi penerangan atau penilaian ringkas tetapi bermakna terhadap maklumat yang berkenaan.

Secara terhad dan tidak menyeluruh, berikut saya salinkan sebahagian penilaian Winstedt terhadap bahan-bahan rujukan yang digunakannya:

1. De Moubray, G.A. De C., Matriachy in the Malay Peninsula. London, 1936. “A reliable study of the Minagkabau colonists of Negeri Sembilan.”

2. Bort, Governor Balthasar. “Report on Malacca, 1678.” Tr. M.J. Bremner. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Malayan Branch, Vol. V, Pt. I, 1927. “Valuable for the history of Dutch rule in Malacca.”

3. D’Albuquerque’s “Commentaries”. Tr. W. de G. Birch. Hakluyt Society. London, 1927. 3 Vols. “This work, by a natural son of the Portuguese conqueror of Malacca, is another of the sources for our knowlege of medieval Malacca.”

4. D’Eredia, Godinho., “Malacca, Meridional India and Cathay.” Tr. by J.V. Mills. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Malayan Branch, 1930, Vol. VIII. “Another Portuguese account of Malacca written after a century of Portuguese rule.”

5. R. Emerson, Malaysia: A Study in Direct and Indirect Rule (in Malaya and Netherlands India), New York, 1937. “A fully documented and expert work by a Harvard Profesor, written with a bias against the old imperialism and so from an angle unfamiliar to most British students.”

6. Firth, Rosemary, House-keeping among Malay Peasants. London, 1943. “A detailed study of 1301 Kelantan folk, that should serve as a model for investigation into the economic structure of the Malay communities.”

7. Raymond Firth, Malay Fishermen: their Peasant Economy, London, 1946. “An expert account of the fishermen of Kelantan.”

8. Gimlette, J.D. A Dictionary of Malayan Medicine. Oxford, 1939; dan Malay Poisons and Charm Cures. London, 1929. “Exhaustive works on an interesting element in Malay culture.”

9. Hahn, E. Raffles of Singapore. London, 1948. “A lively account by a writer who has used Dutch sources.”

10. Heine-Geldern, Robert. Prehistoric Research in the Netherlands Indies. South-East Asia Institute. New York, 1945. “This summarizes the results of all prehistoric research in the Malayan region (including Malaya), and has a complete bibliography.”

11. Hurgronje, Snouck. Mecca. “A reliable account of the Indonesian quarter and studies in Mecca.”

12. Maxwell, Sir G. In Malay Forests. “Charming tales of the jungle and the rural upcountry Malay.”

13. Maxwell, Sir G. The Civil Defence of Malaya. “An authentic account of the Local Forces and Defence Services of Malaya at the time of the Japanese invasion, with chapters on the loyalty of its inhabitants and on the evacuation of Europeans.”

14. Maxwell and W.S. Gibson. Treaties and Engagements, Malay States and Borneo. London, 1924. “Indispensable for students of Malaya’s political history.”

15. Maxwell, Sir William E. “Law and Customs of the Malays with reference to tenure of land.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Vol. XIII.

16. Maxwell, Sir William E. “Law relating to slavery among Malays.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Straits Branch, Vol. XII. “Valuable articles describing conditions when British protection of the Malay States began.”

17. McNair, Major J.F.A., Perak and the Malays: Sarong and Keris, London, 1878. “A good account of the early days of British protection.”

8. Mills, L.A. ‘British Malaya, 1824-67.’ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Malayan Branch, Vol. III, Pt. 2, 1925. “A well-documented work on political and economic history, the civil service, the Chinese and piracy.”

19. Mills, L.A., British Rule in Eastern Asia (London, 1942). ”Indispensable for its account of all branches of modern British administration and endeavour in Malaya, based on a careful study of many official documents.”

20. Morrison, Ian. Malayan Postscript. London, 1942. “In spite of errors of fact and inference this is the best account of Malaya during the Japanese invasion.”

21. T.S. Newbold, Political and Statistical Account of the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca, 2 vols., London, 1839. “Valuable for its contemporary statistics and history.”

22. Pires, Tomĕ. The Suma Orientalis. Tr. by A. Corteso. 2 Vols. Hakluyt Society, 1944. “Written in Malacca, 1512-15. The most valuable of all Portuguese accounts of Malacca under the Malay Sultans. The MS. was lost until the translator discovered it in Paris in 1937.”

23. Rose, Major Angus. Who Dies Fighting. London, 1944. “An account of what the author saw of the fighting during the Japanese invasion, with a lively criticism of British tactics.”

24. Schebesta, P. Among the Forest-Dwarfs of Malaya. London, 1939. “A recent book on Malaya’s aborigines by a trained observer: defaced by absurd exaggerations about the jungle.”

25. Skeat, W.W. Malay Magic. London, 1900. “A mine of information on Malay beliefs and magical practices, with an appendix of invocations in Malay.”

26. Skeat, W.W., and Blagden, C.O. Pagan Races of the Malay Peninsula (London, 1906), 2 vols.* “A summary of all information at the date of publication, with an invaluable comparative vocabulary of the languages.”

27. Sir Frank Swettenham, British Malaya, An Account of the Origin and Progress of British Influence in Malaya (London, 1948). “The earlier chapters are quite obselete. The chapters on the author’s own time are valuable, though that time is not seen in perspective but with contemporary eyes. The account of the Pangkor treaty is incomplete.”

28. Wright A. and Reid, T.H. The Malay Peninsula. London, 1912. “A readable work on modern Malaya with chapters based on original research.”

29. Wurtzburg, C.E. Raffles of the Eastern Seas. London, 1954. “The latest and fullest biography.”

Sehingga ke tahun 1954, atau lajaklah sampai ke 1957, berapa buahkah buku sejarah Malaysia yang tertulis oleh ahli tawarikh tempatan?

13Zulkifli Salleh, Rismayanti Idris and 11 others

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• Ahmad Said

  Siam telah menyerang Kedah pada tahun 1821 di bawah pimpinan Chau Phya Ligor. “Malays captured during the invasion were hewn asunder or thrown to crocodiles.” (Winstedt, Malaya and its History, muka surat 54).

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• Ahmad Said

  “The country [Kedah] was laid waste, and the atrocities committed were barbarous to a degree.” (L.A. Mills, p. 129).

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• Zainal Abidin Shariff

  Saya rasa..... buku2 mengenai Tanah Melayu dari tahun 1890an hingga 1920an masih kurang kita temui..... Dato' ada buku2 catatan era ini?

  

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• Ahmad Said

  Salah satu projek peribadi saya ialah menyediakan bibliografi buku, majalah/rencana yang saya miliki dan sedang belek. Salah satu ‘fail’ yang berkenaan ialah “Buku PraMerdeka”. Bahan-bahan ini ada yang saya miliki dan yang lebih banyak tidak dimiliki.… 

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